SC/ST Population in india

SC/ST Population

Content

Index

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The Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) population in India according to 1991 census are 13,82,23,277 and 6,77,58,380 respectively, constituting 16.33% and 8.01% of India's total population respectively. The proportion of SC and ST population has increased considerably from 15.8% and 7.8% respectively in 1981. In the Himalayan region the percentage of SC population is 13.49^$ %, which is lower than the national figure while the percentage of ST population (28.16^$ %) is much higher as compared to country's total tribal population. The contribution of scheduled caste and scheduled tribe population of Indian Himalaya is 2.22^$ and 9.46^$ % to the nation's SC and ST population respectively.
Table 6. Scheduled Caste (SC) population: states are ranked according to the size of SC population
 

State	SC population	% of SC population	% share of SC population in India	% share of SC population in Indian Himalaya
HIMACHAL PRADESH	1310296	25.34	0.9480	42.71
UTTAR PRADESH HILLS	989658	16.70	0.7160	32.26
TRIPURA	451116	16.36	0.3264	14.70
WEST BENGAL HILLS	209876	16.15	0.1518	6.84
MANIPUR	37105	2.02	0.0268	1.21
ASSAM HILLS	31909	3.92	0.0231	1.04
SIKKIM	24084	5.93	0.0174	0.79
MEGHALAYA	9072	0.51	0.0066	0.30
ARUNACHAL PRADESH	4052	0.47	0.0029	0.13
MIZORAM	691	0.10	0.0005	0.02
NAGALAND	0	0.00	0.0000	0.00

Table 7. Scheduled Tribe (ST) population: states are ranked according to the size of ST population
 

State	ST population	% of ST population	% share of ST population in India	% share of ST population in Indian Himalaya
MEGHALAYA	1517927	85.53	2.24	23.69
NAGALAND	1060822	87.70	1.57	16.56
TRIPURA	853345	30.95	1.26	13.32
MIZORAM	653565	94.75	0.96	10.20
MANIPUR	632173	34.41	0.93	9.87
ARUNACHAL PRADESH	550351	63.66	0.81	8.59
ASSAM HILLS	440552	54.15	0.65	6.88
HIMACHAL PRADESH	218349	4.22	0.32	3.41
UTTAR PRADESH HILLS	209838	3.54	0.31	3.28
WEST BENGAL HILLS	179153	13.78	0.26	2.80
SIKKIM	90901	22.36	0.13	1.42

certificate Form

U.P.S.C. Document No.94

The Form of the certificate to be produced by Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes candidates applying for appointment to posts under the Government of India

This is to certify that Shri/Shrimati/Mumari*__________________________ son/daughter*of__________________________of village/Twon*___________________ in District/ Division* Shri___________________________ of State/Union Territory* _______________________belongs to the__________________________ Caste/Tribe* which is recognised as a Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe* Under :-
The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950* The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950*
The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) (Union Territories) Order, 1951* The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) (Union Territories) Order, 1951*_____

[as amended by the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Lists (Modification) Order, 1956, the Bombay Recognisation Act, 1960, the Punjab Recognisation Act,1966, the State of Himachal Pradesh Act, 1970 and the North Estern Areas (Recognisation) Act, 1971 and the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders,(Amendment) Act, 1976]
__________________________________________________________________The Constitution (Jammu & Kasmir Scheduled Castes Order, 1956* ______
The Constitution (Andaman and Nicobar Islands )Scheduled Tribes Order, 1959* as amended by the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976* _____________________________________

The Constitution(Dadara and Nagar Haveli) Scheuled Castes Order, 1962 The Conistitution(Dadra and Nagar Haveli) Scheduled Tribes, Order, 1962*_____
TheConistitution(Pondicherry) Scheduled Castes Orders,1964*_______________
The Conistitution(Scheduled Tribes)(Uttar Pradesh) Order, 1967*_____________
TheConistiution(Goa, Daman and Diu) Scheduled Castes Order,1968*_________
TheConistiution(Goa, Daman and Diu) Scheduled Tribes Order,1968*_________
The Constitution(Nagaland) Scheduled Tribes Order,1970*__________________
TheConistitution(Sikkim) Scheduled Castes Order,1978*____________________
The Conistitution(Sikkim) Scheduled Tribes Order,1978*___________________

2. Shri/Shrimati/Kmuari*____________________and/or his/her* family, reside(s) in village/town*___________________ of* _____________________ Dstrict/Division* of the State/Union Territory* of ___________________.

Contd…../

Signature_____________________

** Designation___________________

(with seal of Office)

State/Union Territory**

Place__________________
Date __________________
*Please delete the words which are not applicable.

Note : The term "ordinarily reside(s)** used here will have the same meaning as in Section 20 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950.
**Officers competent to issue Caste/Tribe certificates :

1. 1. District Magistrate/Additional District Magistrate/Collector/Deputy Commission/Additional Deputy Commissioner/Deputy Collector/Ist Class Stipendiary Magistrate/City Magistrate/Sub-Divisional Magistrate/Taluka Magistrate/Excutive Magistrate/Extra Assistant Commissioner.
   2. (not below the rank of Ist class Stipendary Magistrate)
   3. Chief Presidency Magistrate/Additional Chief Presidency Magistrate/Presidency Magistrate.
   4. Revenue Officers not below the rank of Tehsildar.
   5. Sub-Divisional Officer of the area where the candidate and/ or his family normally reside(s).
   6. Administrator/Secretary to Administrator/Development Officer(Lakshdweep).

ANNEXURE

UPSC/D-151

FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE PRODUCED BY OTHER BACKWARD CLASSES APPLYING FOR APPOINTMENT TO POSTS UNDER THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

This is to certifiy that ……………………………S/O………………………… of Village ……………………District/Division*…………………………… in the …………state belongs to the………………………. Community which is recognised as a Backward Class under:-

1. Government of India, Ministry of Welfare `Resolution No. 12011/68/93-BCC (C) dated 10^th September, 1993 published in the Gazette of India Extraordinary Part-I Section-1 dated the 13^th September, 1993.
2. **_______________________________________________________________________
   
3. Government of India, Ministry of Welfare Resolution No. 12011/9/94-BCC dated 19.10.1994 published in the Gazette of India Extraordinary Part-I, Section-1, No. 163 dated 20.10.1994.

Shri…………………………….and/or his family ordinary reside(s) in the………………. District/Division of the…………………..State.

This is also to certify that he/she does not belong to the persons/sections (Creamy Layer) mentioned in Column 3 of the Schedule to the Government of India, Department of Personnel and Training O.M. No. 36002/22/93-Estt. (SCT) dated 8.9.93.

District Magistrate

Deputy Commissioner etc.

Dated:
SEAL:

N.B.:-(a) The term `Ordinarily' used here will have the same meaning as in the Section 20 of the Representation of the People's Act, 1950.

2. 1. Where the ceetificates are issued by the Gazetted Officer of the Union Government or State Governments, they should be in the same form but countersigned by the District magistrate of Deputy Commissioner (Certificates issued by Gazetted Officers and attested by the District Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner are not sufficient).

* Strike out whicher is not applicable.
** Officers Competent to issue Class/Tribe Certificates.

9. 1. District Magistrate/Additional District Magistrate/Collector/Deputy Commission/Additional Deputy Commissioner/Deputy Collector/Ist Class Stipendiary Magistrate/City Magistrate/Sub-Divisional Magistrate/Taluka Magistrate/Excutive Magistrate/Extra Assistant Commissioner.

(not below the rank of Ist class Stipendary Magistrate)

(ii) Chief Presidency Magistrate/Additional Chief Presidency Magistrate/ Presidency Magistrate.

1. 1. Revenue Officers not below the rank of Tehsildar.
   2. Sub-Divisional Officer of the area where the candidate and/ or his family normally reside(s).
   3. Administrator/Secretary to Administrator/Development Officer (Lakshdweep).

FORM-II

(For representing a State in Indian in a National competition in one of the recognised Games/Sports).
STATE ASSOCIATION OF______________________________________________ IN THE GAME OF ________________________________________________________.
Certificate to a meritorious sportsman for employment under the Central Government.

~~~~~

Certified that Sh./Smt/Kumari _______________________________Son/Wife/ Daugher of Sh._________________________________ resident of _________________
________________________________________(complete address) represented the state of ___________________ in the Game/Event of_________________________ in the National Competition/Tournament held at____________________________________ from ______________________ to________________.

The position obtained by the individual/team in the above said Competition/ Tournament was____________________________.
The Certificate is being given on the basis of record available in the office of the State Association of_____________________________.

Place________________________ Signature_________________________

Date________________ Name____________________________

Designation_____________________________

Name of the State Association

_______________________________________

Address________________________________

________________________________ SEAL__________________________________

Note: This certificate will be valid only when signed personally by the Secretary to the State Assiociation.

FORM-III

(For representing a Universityin the Inter-University competition in one of the recognised Games/Sports).
UNIVERSITY OF ___________________________ _____________________.
Certificate to a meritorious sportsman for employment under the Central Government.

~~~~~

Certified that Sh./Smt/Kumari _______________________________Son/Wife/ Daugher of Sh._________________________________ resident of _________________
_______________________________________sudent of_________________________ represented the University of ___________________ in the Game/Event of_________________ in the Inter-University Competition/Tournament held at____________________________________ from__________ to________________.
The position obtained by the individual/team in the above said Competition/ Tournament was____________________________.
The Certificate is being given on the basis of record available in the office of the Dean of Sports or Officer in overall chage of sports in the University of ____________.

Place________________________ Signature_________________________

Date________________ Name____________________________

Designation_____________________________

Name of University

_______________________________________

Address________________________________

_______________________________________

SEAL__________________________________

Note: This certificate will be valid only when signed personally by the Dean/Director or other Officer in overall charge of sports in the University of_________________.

FORM-IV

(For representing a State School Team in the National Games for School competition in one of the recognised Games/Sports).

Directorate of Public Instructions/Education of the State of _______________Certificate to a meritorious sportsman for employment under the Central Government.

~~~~~

Certified that Shri/Kumari _______________________________Son/Daugher of Shri_________________________________ resident of _________________________
_______________________________________sudent of_________________________
(complete address)
represented the ___________________ State School Team in the Game/Event of_________________in the National Game for School held at_____________________ from__________ to________________.
The position obtained by the individual/team in the above said Competition/ Tournament was____________________________.
The Certificate is being given on the basis of record available in the office of Directorate of Public Instructions/Education of _________________________.

Place________________________ Signature_________________________

Date________________ Name____________________________

Designation_____________________________

Address________________________________

_______________________________________

SEAL__________________________________

Note: This certificate will be valid only when signed personally by the Director or Additional/Joint or Deputy Director in overall charge of sports/games/for schools in the Directorate of Public Instruction/Education of the State.

Eligibility Criteria

1. Sportsmen who have represented a State or the Country in the National or International competition in any of the game/sports mentioned in the list below.
2. Sportsmen who have represented their University in the Inter-University Tournaments conducted by the Inter-University Sports Board in any of the sports/games mentioned in the list below.
3. Sportsmen who have represented the State School Teams in the National Sports/ Games for Schools conducted by the All India School Games Federation in any of the games/sports mentioned in the list below.
4. Sportsmen who have been awarded National Awards in Physical Efficiency under the National Physical Efficiency Drive.

LIST OF GAMES/SPORTS :

1. Athletics (Including Track and Field events)
2. Badminton 3. Basketball

4. Cricket 5. Football
6. Hockey 7. Swimming
8. Table Tennis 9. Volleyball
10. Tennis 11. Weight Lifting
12. Wrestling 13. Boxing
14. Cycling 15. Gymnastics(including Body-Building)
16. Judo 17. Rifle Shooting
18. Kabaddi 19 Kho-Kho
20. Ball Badminton 21. Archery
22. Equastrian Sports 23. Handball
24. Rowing 25. Chess.
LIST OF AUTHORITIES COMPETENT TO ISSUE CERTIFICATES:
COMPETITION AUTHORITY AWARDING CERTIFICATES
International Competition Secretary to the National Federation of the
Game concerned.
National Competition Secretary to the National Federation or
Secretary to the State Association of the
Game concerned.
Inter-Univesity Tournaments Dean of Sports or other Officer in the
Overall charged of the sports of the
University concerned.






National/Sports/Games for Director or Additonal/Joint or Deputy
School Director in overall charge of sports/Games
for schools in the Dte. of Public Instructions/
Education of the State.
Physical Efficiency Drive Secretary or other officer in overall charge
of physical efficiency in the Ministry of
Educational & Social Welfare, Government of
India.

dalit list all india

Category:Dalit From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search The main article for this category is Dalit.      This category is for issues relating to Dalit.      Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Dalit Subcategories  This category has the following 8 subcategories, out of 8 total. A      *       [×] Dalit activists (26 P)  B      *       [+] Bahujan Samaj Party (1 C, 5 P)  D      *       [+] Dalit Muslim (3 C, 19 P)       D cont.      *       [+] Dalit people (1 C, 1 P)     *       [×] Dalit wings of political parties in Nepal (6 P)  L      *       [+] Dalit literature (1 C, 9 P)       S      *       [×] Scheduled Castes of Uttar Pradesh (34 P)  W      *       [×] Dalit writers (14 P)       Pages in category "Dalit"  The following 96 pages are in this category, out of 96 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).      * Dalit     * Dalit Nationalism     * List of Dalits  2      * 2006 Dalit protests in Maharashtra  A      * Adi Dravida     * Ambedkar Memorial  B      * Badhik     * Badi (caste)     * Baheliya     * Bahujan Samaj Party     * Bahujan Samaj Party (Nepal)     * Baiswar     * Balahar     * Balai     * BAMCEF     * Bangali     * Basor     * Bawariya     * Bhambi     * Bhangi     * Bhavitha     * Boria (caste)  C      * Chamail     * Chamar     * Chandala     * Chindu (organization)     * Chura     * Communal Award  D      * Dabgar     * Dalera     * Dalit Bahujan Shramik Union     * Dalit Buddhist movement       D cont.      * Dalit Christian     * Dalit Freedom Network     * Dalit literature     * Dalit Panther     * Dalit saints of Hinduism     * Dalit theology     * Dalit Voice     * Dalitstan.org     * Deha     * Dharkar     * Dhobi     * Domar (caste)     * Domba     * Dusadh  G      * Gandhila     * Guru Sikhya Sahib  H      * Habura (caste)     * Halalkhor     * L. N. Hardas     * Harijan     * Hela (caste)     * Holeya  I      * Insight Foundation  J      * Jai Bhim     * Jhajjar     * Jhalkaribai     * Jhinwar  K      * Sitaram Kesri     * Khateek     * Kherlanji massacre     * Kinnaraya  L      * List of Arunthathiyar       L cont.      * List of Scheduled Castes in Haryana     * List of Scheduled Castes in Punjab     * List of Scheduled castes in Rajasthan     * List of Scheduled Castes in Uttar Pradesh  M      * Madiga     * Mahar     * Mala (caste)     * Matang     * Mochi (caste)     * Musahar     * Muslim Shaikh  N      * Nalavar     * National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights     * Aravindan Neelakandan     * Nethakani  P      * Panchpiria     * Paraiyar     * Pasi (caste)     * Pasmanda Muslim Mahaz     * Patharkat     * Ram Prakash     * Pulayar  R      * Regar     * Rodiya  S      * Sakkiliar     * Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989     * Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes     * Singiwala  T      * Thori (caste)     * Tirgar     * Turahiya  V      * Vagri

Scheduled Caste

Scheduled Castes ("SC"s) and Scheduled Tribes ("ST"s) are Indian population groupings that are explicitly recognized by the Constitution of India, previously called the "depressed classes" by the British. SCs/STs together comprise over 24% of India's population, with SC at over 16% and ST over 7.50% [1] as per the 2001 Census. The proportion of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the population of India has steadily risen since independence in 1947.  The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order 1950 lists 1,108 castes across 25 states in its First Schedule.[2] The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order 1950 lists 744 tribes across 22 states in its First Schedule.[3]  Post Independence Scheduled Castes have been benefited by Reservation policy. The policy was made an integral part of Constitution by the efforts of Dr. Ambedkar, who is regarded as the father of the Indian constitution, participated in Round Table Conferences and fought for the rights of Depressed classes. The Constitution lays down general principles for the policy of affirmative action for the SCs and STs.

History

From the 1850s these communities were loosely referred to as the "Depressed Classes". The early part of the 20th century saw a flurry of activity in the British Raj to assess the feasibility of responsible self-government for India. The Morley-Minto Reforms Report, Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms Report, and the Simon Commission were some of the initiatives that happened in this context. One of the hotly contested issues in the proposed reforms was the topic of reservation of seats for the "Depressed" Classes in provincial and central legislatures.
In 1935 the British passed The Government of India Act 1935, designed to give Indian provinces greater self-rule and set up a national federal structure. Reservation of seats for the Depressed Classes was incorporated into the act, which came into force in 1937. The Act brought the term "Scheduled Castes" into use, and defined the group as including "such castes, races or tribes or parts of groups within castes, races or tribes, which appear to His Majesty in Council to correspond to the classes of persons formerly known as the 'Depressed Classes', as His Majesty in Council may prefer." This discretionary definition was clarified in The Government of India (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1936 which contained a list, or Schedule, of castes throughout the British administered provinces.
After independence, the Constituent Assembly continued the prevailing definition of Scheduled Castes and Tribes, and gave (via articles 341, 342) the President of India and Governors of states responsibility to compile a full listing of castes and tribes, and also the power to edit it later as required. The actual complete listing of castes and tribes was made via two orders The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950^[4], and The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950^[5] respectively.

Constitutional framework for safeguarding of interests

The Constitution provides a framework with a three pronged strategy ^[6] to improve the situation of SCs and STs.

1. Protective Arrangements - Such measures as are required to enforce equality, to provide punitive measures for transgressions, to eliminate established practices that perpetuate inequities, etc. A number of laws were enacted to operationalize the provisions in the Constitution. Examples of such laws include The Untouchability Practices Act, 1955, Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, The Employment of Manual scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993, etc.
2. Affirmative action - provide positive preferential treatment in allotment of jobs and access to higher education, as a means to accelerate the integration of the SCs and STs with mainstream society. Affirmative action is also popularly referred to as Reservation.
3. Development - Provide for resources and benefits to bridge the wide gap in social and economic condition between the SCs/STs and other communities.

[edit] National commissions

To effectively implement the various safeguards built into the Constitution and other legislations, the Constitution, under Articles 338 and 338A, provides for two statutory commissions - the National Commission for Scheduled Castes, and National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.

[edit] History

In the original Constitution, Article 338 provided for a Special Officer, called the Commissioner for SCs and STs, to have the responsibility of monitoring the effective implementation of various safeguards for SCs/STs in the Constitution as well as other related legislations and to report to the President. To enable efficient discharge of duties, 17 regional offices of the Commissioner were set up all over the country.
In the meanwhile there was persistent representation for a replacement of the Commissioner with a multi-member committee. It was proposed that the 48th Amendment to the Constitution be made to alter Article 338 to enable said proposal. While the amendment was being debated, the Ministry of Welfare issued an administrative decision to establish the Commission for SCs/STs as a multi-member committee to discharge the same functions as that of the Commissioner of SCs/STs. The first commission came into being in August 1978. The functions of the commission were modified in September 1987 to advise Government on broad policy issues and levels of development of SCs/STs.
In 1990 that the Article 338 was amended to give birth to the statutory National Commission for SCs and STs via the Constitution (Sixty fifth Amendment) Bill, 1990^[7]. The first Commission under the 65th Amendment was constituted in March 1992 replacing the Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and the Commission set up under the Ministry of Welfare's Resolution of 1989.
In 2002, the Constitution was again amended to split the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes into two separate commissions - the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

[edit] Distribution

According to the 61st Round Survey of the NSSO, almost nine-tenths of Buddhists and one-third of Sikhs in India belonged to scheduled castes of the Constitution while one-third of Christians belonged to scheduled tribes. The Sachar Committee report of 2006 also confirmed that members of scheduled castes and tribes of India are not exclusively adherents of Hinduism.

Religion	Scheduled Caste	Scheduled Tribe
Buddhism	89.50%	7.40%
Christianity	9.00%	32.80%
Sikhism	37.0%	0.90%
Hinduism	22.20%	9.10%
Zoroastrianism	-	15.90%
Jainism	-	2.60%
Islam	0.80%	0.50%

[edit] Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan

The strategy of Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan (SCSP) which was evolved in 1979 is one of the most important interventions through the planning process for social, economic and educational development of Scheduled Castes and for improvement in their working and living conditions. It is an umbrella strategy to ensure flow of targeted financial and physical benefits from all the general sectors of development for the benefit of Scheduled Castes. Under this strategy, population^[8]. It entails targeted flow of funds and associated benefits from the annual plan of States/ Union Territories (UTs) at least in proportion to the SC population i.e. 16 % in the total population of the country/the particular state. Presently, 27 States/UTs having sizeable SC populations are implementing Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan. Although the Scheduled Castes population, according to 2001 Census, was 16.66 crores constituting 16.23% of the total population of India, the allocations made through SCSP in recent years have been much lower than the population proportion. Table below provides the details of total State Plan Outlay, flow to Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan (SCSP) as reported by the State/UT Governments for the last few years especially since the present UPA government is in power at the

2004–2005	108788.9	17656	2065.38	11.06	68.3	5591
2005–2006	136234.5	22111	16422.63	12.05	74.3	5688
2006–2007	152088	24684	21461.12	14.11	86.9	3223
2007-2008*	155013.2	25159	22939.99	14.80	91.2	2219

• Information in respect of 14 States/UTs only and as on 31-12- 2007

Source: Network for Social Accountability (NSA) http://nsa.org.in

Prominent members of SC/STs

• B.R. Ambedkar, jurist, political leader, writer, father of Indian Constitution
• Birsa Munda, freedom fighters
• K.R. Narayanan, tenth President of India
• K.G. Balakrishnan, Chief Justice of India
• Babu Jagjivan Ram, Deputy Prime Minister of India
• G.M.C. Balayogi, dalit speaker, Lok Sabha,
• Damodaram Sanjivayya (1921–1972) (First dalit Chief Minister of a state in India and first dalit President of Indian National Congress party)
• Kashi Ram, founder of Bahujan Samaj Party
• Ajit Jogi, first chief minister of the state of Chhattisgarh, India
• Mayavati, Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.
• Faguni Ram, Member of Parliament and Minister of State
• Bangaru Laxman, former President of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
• Sushilkumar Shinde, Current Cabinet Minister for Power
• Shibu Soren, current Chief Minister of Jharkhand state in India
• Meira Kumar, Indian politician and Member of Parliament.
• S. Ashok Kumar, Judge Madras High Court and High Court of Andhra Pradesh
• K.S.R. Murthy IAS, Former MP, Lok Sabha
• Ram Vilas Paswan, the president of the Lok Janshakti Party, political party
• Prem Singh (MLA)
• Lala Ram Ken, Member of Parliament(7th and 8th), India
• Divya Bharti, Bollywood actress
• Vinod Kambli, cricketer
• Meira Kumar, Speaker of Lok Sabha
• Ilaiyaraaja , A noted music director and composer, Ilaiyaraaja is also a instrumentalist, conductor, and a songwriter

See also

• List of Scheduled Tribes in India
• Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989
• Forward caste
• Other Backward Class
• Sharda Prashad (M.L.A)

Notes

1. ^ Census of India - India at a Glance : Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes Population
2. ^ The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order 1950
3. ^ The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order 1950
4. ^ THE CONSTITUTION (SCHEDULED CASTES) ORDER, 1950]1
5. ^ 1THE CONSTITUTION (SCHEDULED TRIBES)
6. ^ http://nhrc.nic.in/Publications/reportKBSaxena.pdf
7. ^ The Constitution (Amendment)
8. ^ http://www.planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/scp&tsp/noteguidelinesFor.doc